How can diversification minimize risk in investments?

Diversification minimizes risk in investments primarily by spreading investments across various asset classes, which reduces exposure to any single asset. This strategy is based on the principle that different asset classes behave differently under varying market conditions. For example, when stocks are performing poorly, bonds or real estate might perform well, potentially offsetting losses. By having a diverse portfolio, if one investment experiences a downturn, it can be balanced out by others that are stable or performing well. This overall reduction in risk is a fundamental principle of modern portfolio theory and is essential for long-term investment strategies. Diversification helps investors not just avoid large losses but also enhance potential returns by investing across a broader spectrum of opportunities.